How to Make a Telescope by Mechinical Engineering

1] Gather your materials. You'll need a piece of corrugated paper that is about 24 inches in length (this is a ridge material, easily available from paper stores or craft stores). You'll need two magnifying glasses that are NOT the same size. You will also need strong glue, scissors, and a pencil.

If the magnifying glasses are the same size, the telescope won't work.

2] Hold one magnifying glass (the bigger one) between you and the paper. The image of the print will look blurry. Place the second magnifying glass between your eye and the first magnifying glass.

3] Move the second glass forward or backward until the print comes into sharp focus. You will notice that the print appears larger and upside down.

4] Wrap the paper around one of the magnifying glasses. Mark the diameter on the paper with the pencil. Make sure that it is pulled tight.

5] Measure along the edge of the paper from the first mark. You will need to measure about 1 1/2 inches from the mark. This will create the extra length to glue around the magnifying glass.

6] Cut down the marked line on the paper to the other side. You should be cutting across the width of it (don't cut lengthwise). The paper should be about 24 inches in length on one side. Cut a slot in the cardboard tube near the front opening about an inch (2.5 cm) away. Do not cut all the way through the tube. The slot should be able to hold the large magnifying glass.

7] Cut a second slot in the tube the same distance from the first slot as was written down between the two glasses. 
  
You should now have two lengths of corrugated paper. One piece should be slightly larger than the other

8] Place the two magnifying glasses in their slots (big one at front, little one at back) and tape them in with the duct tape. Leave about 0.5 - 1 inch (1 - 2 cm) of tube behind the small magnifying glass and cut off any excess tube remaining.

9] Glue first length of paper around one of the magnifying glasses.You'll need to glue the edges of the paper together as well, since you've left about 1 1/2 inches of paper

10] Make the second magnifying glass tube. This one will need to be slightly bigger than the first one. Not too much bigger, only so that the first will fit into the second one.

11] Slot the 1st tube into the 2nd. You can now use this telescope for looking at things farther away, although it will be difficult to view the stars clearly. This type of telescope is really good for viewing the moon.

• The images will be upside down,(there is no up or down in space, after all). if you wish to align the image with gravity, you can use two prisms aligned in an "N" shape to correct the image, but you will have to re-position the lenses.

Solar Car

 A homemade simple solar powered ca. A great tutorial for people who enjoy DIY projects. The car is nice because we go about a clever way of using a gearbox to gain a mechanical advantage that allows the drive system to have enough torque to move the vehicle. The solar car also has a rechargeable battery added to it so that the solar panels can charge it and it can travel even when the sun isn't very powerful.

MATERIALS:-

1. Friction activated car.
2. 4 wheels.
3. 3, 1.5 volt solar panels.
4. Elsewhere you must obtain.
5. A small 4.5 volt motor.
6. A small 3.7 volt rechargeable battery.

METHODS:-

1. Setting Up the Solar Panels.

To do this we wire the positive of one solar panel to the negative of the panel beside it. And the positive of that solar panel to the negative of the next solar panel. 

After that glue to solar panels together as seen above.

 2. Attaching the Drive System We now need the gearbox.

We now need the gearbox. To obtain the gearbox take apart the friction powered car.

Once the gearbox is obtained glue it onto the solar panels.

To add structure you can see on the bottom you  attached 2 tooth picks with glue. This improves the structure of the gearbox and solar panel connection and enables it to bear a load more effectively. 

Then take 2 wheels from the tune up kit and attach them onto the axle of the gearbox. Some glue may be needed.

3. Preparing the Motor

The motor will drive the gearbox by simply using friction. To ensure there is enough friction to drive the gearbox you can attach power (3.7 v) to the motor to make it rotate.

Then bring the glue gun to it and add glue to the axle. It is important that the glue does not connect the rotating axle to the stationary, non-rotating part of the motor. 

After a bit of glue is applied it should distribute evenly in a round shape because of the centrifugal force. While the axle was rotating with the blob of glue on it, i pressed my finger against it lightly to flatten the glue out evenly.

4. Completing the Drive System

Then you attach the motor to the gearbox with glue.

Then you attach it so that the glue on the axle will come in contact with the rotation metal piece on the gearbox. by driving that piece, it will transfer power to the wheels and give us a mechanical advantage.

5. Attaching Front Wheels

For the front wheels (YOU CAN) cut a piece of straw out and glued it on the front. I then stuck a toothpick through it and attached wheels on both side.

6. Wiring

First  attach the battery pack with glue to the car.

I then wire the positive of the battery pack to the positive of the solar panels, and the negative of the battery pack to the negative of the solar panels. This makes it so that the solar panels will charge the battery.

Next a switch is attached. One side of the switch is connected to the negative of the solar panel and battery. The other side of the switch goes to the negative of the motor. The positive side of the motor is attached to the positive of the motor and battery. A comprehensive picture can be observed above of what the final circuit should look like.

Once that is complete the car is ready to test.

How to make generator from dc motor

 Generator From Motor. Very Simple.

Here we used two 12 Volts toy/ Old Tap-recorder Motors(From trash). One as a Motor  ( Turbne) and other one as a Generator/alternator. A whitle LED is coneccted as a Load to the Generator Ourput.

Note That this is seems to be a Motor-Generator Set, but No.. Because Motor-Generator  Set ( AC Motor and DC Generator) used as a Convertor (AC to DC and vice versa), and here we used it for glowing an LED ( For showing that how can we use a DC motor as a DC Generator).

MATERIALS:

• 2 Toy or Old Tap recorders Motor (one as a motor and other as a generator).
• 1 LED.
• One big rubber band as a belt.
• 2 pulleys (one small and other is large one).
• Flexi wire.
• 4 screws.
• Wooden piece.
• Metal strip.

METHODS:

1 Install both motors (one as a motor and other one as a generator) on wooden piece tightly by metal strip and tight the screws.
2 Connect both motors (one as a motor and other one as a generator) by rubber band or belt which is fixed in the pulley.
3 Connect an LED to the generator output (Red and black)
4 Connect the motor with 12VDC, and run it as a turbine. It will rotate the armature of generator by belt and current will produce in the generator that will glow the LED.